Materials Engineering and Science

Preface ix Acknowledgments xiii About the Companion Website xv 1 The Structure of Materials 1 1.0 Introduction and Objectives 1 1.1 Structure of Metals and Alloys 25 1.2 Structure of Ceramics and Glasses 54 1.3 Structure of Polymers 66 1.4 Structure of Composites 90 1.5 Structure of Biologics 102 References 116 Problems 118 2 Thermodynamics of Condensed Phases 125 2.0 Introduction and Objectives 125 2.1 Thermodynamics of Metals and Alloys 129 2.2 Thermodynamics of Ceramics and Glasses 153 2.3 Thermodynamics of Polymers 173 2.4 Thermodynamics of Composites 178 2.5 Thermodynamics of Biologics 181 References 187 Problems 188 3 Kinetic Processes in Materials 193 3.0 Introduction and Objectives 193 3.1 Kinetic Processes in Metals and Alloys 196 3.2 Kinetic Processes in Ceramics and Glasses * 210 3.3 Kinetic Processes in Polymers 223 3.4 Kinetic Processes in Composites * 242 3.5 Kinetic Processes in Biologics * 249 References 252 Problems 253 4 Transport Properties of Materials 257 4.0 Introduction and Objectives 257 4.1 Momentum Transport Properties of Materials * 259 4.2 Heat Transport Properties of Materials 285 4.3 Mass Transport Properties of Materials * 311 References 340 Problems 341 5 Mechanics of Materials 345 5.0 Introduction and Objectives 345 5.1 Mechanics of Metals and Alloys 346 5.2 Mechanics of Ceramics and Glasses 381 5.3 Mechanics of Polymers 404 5.4 Mechanics of Composites 424 5.5 Mechanics of Biologics 440 References 455 Problems 458 6 Electrical, Magnetic, and Optical Properties of Materials 463 6.0 Electrical Properties of Materials 464 6.1 Magnetic Properties of Materials 522 6.2 Optical Properties of Materials 554 References 579 Problems 581 7 Processing of Materials 585 7.0 Introduction and Objectives 585 7.1 Processing of Metals and Alloys 589 7.2 Processing of Ceramics and Glasses 603 7.3 Processing of Polymers 623 7.4 Processing of Composites 656 7.5 Processing of Biologics 663 References 668 Problems 669 Appendix 1: Structure of Some Common